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Treatments For ADD – Drugs and Counselling Counseling and medication are both effective treatment options for ADD. Both are essential to test to see which is more effective. People suffering from classic ADD are inattentive, disorganized and are often hyperactive. They suffer from low blood flow in their prefrontal cortex, basal ganglia, and thalamus. They also have low levels of dopamine. Treatment typically involves increasing the levels of dopamine. Stimulants Stimulants accelerate the body's systems. They are available in the form of prescription drugs like amphetamines, methylphenidates, as well as diet aids such as Didrex, Bontril, and Fastin. They can also be illegally used and often mixed with other substances such as cocaine and methcathinone. They are available in the form of liquids, pills, syrups or patches. They increase the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine within the brain's synapses. This improves concentration. They also reduce impulsivity, hyperactivity and help improve working memory. They are among the most commonly used medications prescribed to adults suffering from ADHD. They can trigger side effects such as decreased appetite, insomnia and an increase in heart rate or blood pressure. iampsychiatry.uk may interact with certain medications and medical conditions. It is essential to talk to your doctor about any concerns. Around 70 to 80 percent of those who take ADHD medications will notice a reduction in symptoms. However, not everyone responds to the same medications, and the effects aren't always long-lasting. Some people find that stimulants don't work for them or they aren't able to handle the adverse effects. If this is the case, doctors may prescribe non-stimulant medications. These drugs might not be as efficient as stimulants, however they can improve focus and attention as well as control impulses. Doctors sometimes prescribe these along with stimulants to increase their effectiveness. Nonstimulant drugs are more difficult to use and aren't as effective. They do not raise dopamine levels, and they have a different effect on neurotransmitters. Examples include Atomoxetine (clonidine) and guanfacine and clonidine. The most frequently reported side effect of these medications is drowsiness. However the drowsiness can be decreased by increasing the dosage or taking them prior to the time of sleep. The drowsiness should diminish within a few weeks after the beginning of treatment. Antidepressants The majority of antidepressants alter the chemical substances in the brain known as neurotransmitters. The drugs are classified based on how they act on neurotransmitters. Each group contains slightly different medications. These include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), atypical antidepressants, tricyclic antidepressants and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). A doctor may start you on one of these groups to relieve depression and anxiety symptoms. These medications may not offer immediate relief. It could take a few weeks to experience the full benefits. You and your doctor will determine which medicine is best for you. They can mix two antidepressants or other medications to enhance the effects of your treatment. This is referred to as augmenting. The most commonly used augmenting drugs are aripiprazole quetiapine, and lithium. Antidepressants may have a variety of side effects. It is recommended to discuss these side effects with your physician because they could interfere with your daily activities. These side effects could be mild or severe dependent on the type of antidepressant you're taking. It is also important to inform your doctor about any other medicines or herbal remedies you're using, including herbal remedies and over-the-counter medications like St. John's wort. SSRIs are the most commonly prescribed antidepressants and are known to have less adverse effects than other types of antidepressants. SSRIs include fluoxetine (Prozac), paroxetine (Paxil, Pexeva) and sertraline (Zoloft). The SNRIs increase levels of serotonin as well as norepinephrine in the brain. This is the reason they're believed to be more effective than SSRIs. They also have longer half-lifes than SSRIs and are less likely to interact with other medications. SNRIs include duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine, (Effexor). Atypical antidepressants can be utilized to boost energy levels and make you feel more alert. They could be helpful for people suffering from insomnia or extremely severe anxiety. They include bupropion (Wellbutrin Zyban, Wellbutrin) and mirtazapine (Remeron). These medications can cause insomnia or jitteriness, but can be helpful for many people who suffer from depression, ADHD, and anxiety. They are also used for bulimia and for smoking cessation. Cognitive therapy for behavioural issues Cognitive behavioral therapy is a tried and true treatment for mental disorders. It is based on the notion that emotions, thoughts and behaviours are all connected and can be altered. CBT is a goal-oriented, short-term procedure that can teach you new strategies to deal with negative stressors and bad habits. It can be used to treat depression, anxiety, and bipolar disorder. The purpose of CBT is to reframe unhelpful thoughts into positive feelings and behavior. It is the combination of two therapies that include cognitive therapy and behavior therapy. This kind of psychotherapy is typically short-term and can be performed in a group or individually. You will be taught various techniques by a therapist and then you'll use them in your everyday life. These techniques include understanding how to recognize negative thoughts as well as practicing mindfulness meditation and keeping a journal. A therapist will also help you identify the negative thoughts that lead to behavior that is not optimal and teach you strategies to change these assumptions. They will also help you learn how to tackle issues in your daily life. Therapists in CBT will also help you to develop goals that are SMART (specific goals that are measurable, achievable relevant, time-based, and relevant) to make it easier to track your progress. While each form of CBT has its own approach, all cognitive behavioral therapies are focused on identifying and modifying the thinking patterns that cause emotional distress. The therapists use different techniques however they all are based on the principles of operant and classical conditioning, which involves the association of stimuli with their effects. While you are in treatment, you will be rewarded for completing tasks. Additionally, you will be penalized if you fail to complete them. In the initial few sessions your therapist will assist you to identify problematic behaviors and replace them with healthier ones. You might be assigned homework to help you develop the abilities. Based on the nature of your condition you could require anywhere from 6-20 one-on-one sessions. CBT can be used to treat a number of disorders that include depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It can also be effective in treating adult ADHD, a condition that is prevalent in children as young as seven. Counseling Counselling is a form of psychotherapy that involves regular, planned meetings with a therapist to talk about your issues. Typically, these sessions last around 50 minutes and can be conducted face-to-face in groups, or via telephone. Counselling can aid people suffering from a range of mental health issues, including depression, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Counselling can be used to talk about friendship, family and relationship issues, as well as workplace-related issues. A counselor will listen to your problems and provide an objective view. They can detect patterns of behavior and suggest ways you can alter them. They can teach you techniques and coping techniques to manage anxiety, stress, or depression. They can help you deal with major life events, such as divorce or the loss of a beloved. They can also help you learn how to deal with addictions or chronic illnesses. Some counsellors charge for their services while others are covered by Medicare rebates when you have mental health care plans from your doctor.